Everything about Nizhny Novgorod Oblast totally explained
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (
Nizhegorodskaya oblast) is a
federal subject of
Russia (an
oblast). Its administrative center is the city of
Nizhny Novgorod. With a population of 1.3 million, Nizhny Novgorod is the largest city of the oblast and the fourth largest city of the Russian Federation, after
Moscow,
Saint Petersburg, and
Novosibirsk.
The area is crossed by the
Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area, the biggest city is
Arzamas. In the town of
Sarov, there's the largest and
holiest convent in Russia.
Makaryev Monastery opposite the town of
Lyskovo used to be location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include
Gorodets and
Balakhna, located on the
Volga to the north from
Nizhny Novgorod.
Geography
The oblast covers an area of, which is approximately equal to the entire area of the
Benelux countries. Agricultural land occupies 41% of this area; forests, 48%, lakes and rivers, 2%; and other lands, 9%. Nizhny Novgorod Oblast borders
Kostroma Oblast (N),
Kirov Oblast (NE),
Mari El Republic (E),
Chuvash Republic (E),
Republic of Mordovia (S),
Ryazan Oblast (SW),
Vladimir Oblast (W), and
Ivanovo Oblast (NW).
Time zone
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast is located in the
Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD).
UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).
Natural resources
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast isn't rich in natural resources, which are, mostly, limited to commercial deposits of sand (including titanium-zirconium sands),
clay,
gypsum,
peat, mineral
salt, and
timber.
Sights
architectural construction—the 128 m
steel lattice
hyperboloid tower built by the Great Russian engineer and scientist
Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov in 1929—is located near the town of
Dzerzhinsk on the left bank of the
Oka River.
Administrative divisions
Demographics
According to the
2002 Census, ethnic
Russians at 3,346,398 made up 95% of the oblast's population. Other ethnic groups included
Tatars (50,609, or 1.4%),
Mordva (25,022, or 0.7%),
Ukrainians (24,241, or 0.7%), and various smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the oblast's total population. 758 persons (0.02%) didn't indicate their nationalities during the Census.
The population density is 48.5 people per square kilometer.
- Population: 3,524,028 (2002)
- Urban: 2,754,997
- Rural: 769,031
- Male: 1,600,609 (45.4%)
- Female: 1,923,419 (54.6%)
- Females per 1000 males: 1202
- Median age: 39.8
- Urban: 39.1
- Rural: 43.3
- Male: 36.1
- Female: 42.7
- Number of households: 1,362,027 (with 3,465,935 people)
- Urban: 1,051,602 (with 2,720,077 people)
- Rural: 310,425 (with 745,858 people)
According to the Federal Migration Service, 20,450 foreign citizens were registered in the oblast in 2006. The actual number of foreigners residing in the oblast as of June 1, 2006 was estimated to be over 22,000.
Economy
Nizhny Novgorod Region ranks seventh in Russia in industrial output, while the processing industry predominates in the local economy. More than 650 industrial companies employ nearly 700 000 people, or 62% of the workforce involved in material production. Industry generates 83% of the regional
GDP and makes 89% of all material expenditures. The leading sectors are engineering and metalworking, followed by the chemical and petrochemical industries and the forestry, woodworking, and paper industries. The first three sectors account for about 75% of all industrial production.
Nizhny Novgorod Region has traditionally been attractive to investors. In 2002, Moody's rating agency confirmed a Caa1rating based on the region's long-term foreign currency liabilities
(External Link
).
The region maintains trade relations with many countries and has an export surplus. The largest volume of exports goes to
Ukraine,
Belarus,
Switzerland,
Kazakhstan,
Belgium, and
France. Imports come mainly from
Ukraine,
Germany,
Belarus,
Kazakhstan,
Austria,
the Netherlands,
China, and
the United States.
The stock market infrastructure is quite well developed in Nizhny Novgorod, and the exchange business is expanding. Companies and organizations registered in the region include 1153 joint-stock companies, 63 investment institutions, 34 commercial banks, 35 insurance companies, 1 voucher investment fund, 1 investment fund, 17 nongovernmental pension funds, 2 associations of professional stock market dealers, and 3 exchanges (stock, currency, and agricultural). Nizhny Novgorod Region is noted for having relatively highly developed market relations.
Today, the region needs serious partners interested in equitable, long-term, mutually beneficial partnerships.
There are 650+ industrial companies in the region
(External Link), most of them engaged in the following sectors:
Machine-building and engineering
Chemical & petrochemical
Fuel & energy
Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy
Construction materials
Glass
Wood and paper
Cloth-making
Food & food processing
Medical & pharmaceuticals
Printing & publishing.
These key industries are supplemented by other sectors of the economy such as agriculture, trade, services, communications and transport.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Nizhny Novgorod Oblast'.
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